Gulf Coast League
From BR Bullpen
The Gulf Coast League is a rookie classification minor league.
It was the first complex-based league, designed to give prospects a chance to play without crowd pressure. The Sarasota Rookie League began operations in 1964. The league changed names to the Florida Rookie League in 1965, and finally the Gulf Coast League in 1966. Games are played at the spring training complexes of various major league teams in Florida. It traditionally has been a first stop for many high school draft picks, and young players from Latin America who may have already had a first taste of professional baseball in the Dominican Summer League or the Venezuelan Summer League; college players tend to get skipped to higher levels. In 1966, all games were played at Sarasota, FL. From 1967-1987, all games were played at Sarasota and Bradenton, FL.
- Opening Date: June 19
- Closing Date: August 27
- Regular Season: 54 games
- Divisional Alignment:
- Eastern:
- GCL Dodgers (Los Angeles)
- GCL Marlins (Florida)
- GCL Mets (NY Mets)
- GCL Nationals (Washington)
- GCL Dodgers (Los Angeles)
- Northern:
- GCL Braves (Atlanta)
- GCL Phillies (Philadelphia)
- GCL Tigers (Detroit)
- GCL Yankees (NY Yankees)
- GCL Braves (Atlanta)
- Southern:
- GCL Pirates (Pittsburgh)
- GCL Red Sox (Boston)
- GCL Reds (Cincinnati)
- GCL Twins (Minnesota)
- GCL Orioles(Orioles)
- GCL Pirates (Pittsburgh)
- Playoff Format: The division winner with the best record gets a bye. The other two division winners meet in a one-game playoff. The winner advances to face the division winner with the best record in a best-of-three series.
- All-Star Game: None
- Roster Limit: 35 active, only 30 of whom may be in uniform and eligible to play in any given game. At least 10 must be pitchers as of July 1.
- Player Eligibility Rule: No player 20 or older may have two or more years of prior Minor League service, excluding rookie leagues outside the United States and Canada. Players under 20 who have already been credited with two years of Minor League service may play their third Minor League season in the league.
There have been other leagues named the Gulf Coast League the first was a Class D league that operated in 1907 and part of 1908, lasting only until June 2. The second, also at Class D, was active in 1926, and had 3 of the 4 teams move during its only season. The third operated from 1950 to 1953, the first season as a Class C loop, and the next three at Class B. All three leagues were based around the Gulf coasts of Texas and Louisiana.
Contents |
[edit] Cities Represented Teams and Statistics
[edit] 1907 D, 1908 D, 1926 D
1907-1908
- Alexandria, LA: Alexandria White Sox 1907-1908
- Beaumont, TX: Beaumont Cubs 1908
- Crowley, LA: Crowley Rice Birds 1908
- Lafayette, LA: Lafayette Browns 1907
- Lake Charles, LA: Lake Charles Creoles 1907-1908
- Monroe, LA: Monroe Municipals 1907
- Morgan City, LA: Morgan City Oyster Shuckers 1908
- Opelousas, LA: Opelousas Indians 1907
- Orange, TX: Orange Hoo Hoos 1907-1908
1926
- Beeville, TX: Beeville Bees 1926
- Corpus Christi, TX: Corpus Christi Seahawks 1926
- Edinburg, TX: Edinburg Bobcats 1926
- Kingsville, TX: Kingsville Jerseys 1926
- Laredo, TX: Laredo Oilers 1926
- Mission, TX: Mission Grapefruiters 1926
- Victoria, TX: Victoria Rosebuds 1926
1907 D Gulf Coast League
President: Paul O. Moss
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lake Charles Creoles | 74 | 46 | .617 | 0 | Dan Collins |
| Alexandria White Sox | 64 | 50 | .564 | 7 | Jack Auslit |
| Monroe Municipals | 63 | 55 | .534 | 10 | Jim Lighton |
| Orange Hoos-Hoos | 50 | 65 | .435 | 21.5 | Tim Cook / Roland Vitter / Mac McDonald |
| Lafayette Browns | 48 | 64 | .429 | 22 | Roland Vitter / B. Hubbard |
| Opelousas Indians | 48 | 67 | .417 | 23.5 | D. Edmonds |
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Silver Braun | Alexandria | BA | .348 | H.B. Weeks | Alexandria | W | 20 | |
| Burleigh Emery | Lake Charles | Runs | 80 | A.H. Richardson | Orange | Pct | .900; 9-1 | |
| Silver Braun | Alexandria | Hits | 125 |
1908 D Gulf Coast League
President: Paul O. Moss
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lake Charles Creoles | 18 | 9 | .667 | 0 | L.A. McCoy |
| Orange Hoos-Hoos | 15 | 14 | .517 | 4 | W. Rucker |
| Alexandria White Sox | 14 | 15 | .483 | 5 | B. Carbo / A. Hoffman |
| Beaumont Cubs # | 11 | 13 | .458 | 5.5 | M.L. Gibbs / Bob Smith |
| Morgan City Oyster Shuckers ## | 13 | 16 | .448 | 6 | H.G. Stearn / Bill Hitchcroft |
| Crowley Rice Birds ## | 13 | 17 | .433 | 6.5 | W.E. Trotter / Alexander |
Crowley and Morgan City disbanded June 2, causing the league to disband.
No Individual Statistics.
1926 D Gulf Coast League
President: Pat Newnam
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beeville / Laredo # | 59 | 41 | .590 | 0 | Emmett Rodgers / E. Newbery |
| Victoria / Edinburg ### | 51 | 48 | .515 | 7.5 | Bart Cahill / Cam Hill |
| Kingsville / Mission ## | 46 | 52 | .469 | 12 | Tom Deering / Fred Paschal / Ed Harburger |
| Corpus Christi Seahawks | 43 | 58 | .426 | 16.5 | Chick Brandon |
##Kingsville (14-26) moved to Mission July 9, first home game July 16.
###Victoria (17-19 in the second half) moved to Edinburg August 24.
Playoff: Edinburg 4 games, Laredo, 3, one tie.
No Individual Statistics.
[edit] Cities Represented Teams and Statistics
[edit] 1950 C, 1951 B, 1952 B, 1953 B
- Brownsville, TX: Brownsville Charros 1951-1953, moved from Rio Grande Valley League 1949-1950
- Corpus Christi, TX: Corpus Christi Aces 1951-1953, moved from Rio Grande Valley League 1949-1950
- Crowley, LA: Crowley Millers 1950, moved to Evangeline League 1951-1957
- Galveston, TX: Galveston White Caps 1950-1953, moved to Big State League 1954-1955
- Harlingen, TX: Harlingen Capitals 1951-1953, moved from Rio Grande Valley League 1950, moved to Big State League 1954-1955
- Jacksonville, TX: Jacksonville Jax 1950
- Lake Charles, LA: Lake Charles Lakers 1950-1953, moved to Evangeline League 1954-1955
- Laredo, TX: Laredo Apaches 1951-1953, moved from Rio Grande Valley League 1949-1950
- Leesville, LA: Leesville Angels 1950
- Lufkin, TX: Lufkin Angels 1950
- Port Arthur, TX: Port Arthur Sea Hawks 1950-1953, moved to Evangeline League 1954, Big State League 1955
- Texas City, TX: Texas City Texans 1951-1953
1950 C Gulf Coast League C
President: Howard Green
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Attend | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crowley Millers | 90 | 56 | .616 | 0 | 79,640 | John George |
| Galveston White Caps | 80 | 68 | .541 | 11 | 89,592 | Ben Phillips |
| Jacksonville Jax | 79 | 68 | .537 | 11.5 | 36,029 | Charles Baron |
| Lufkin / Leesville Angels # | 75 | 70 | .517 | 14.5 | 26,456 | Carl Carter |
| Lake Charles Lakers | 59 | 88 | .401 | 31.5 | 78,441 | George Milstead / Head / Elliott / Monahan |
| Port Arthur Sea Hawks | 58 | 91 | .389 | 33.5 | 66,861 | Jesse Landrum / Bill Wilson / Harper |
Playoffs: Crowley 4 games Leesville 2; Jacksonville 4 games, Galveston 1.
Finals: Jacksonville 4 games, Crowley 2.
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Art Edinger | Jacksonville | BA | .378 | G.T. Walters | Crowley | W | 30 | |
| Alois Turk | Crowley | Runs | 126 | Bob Upton | Jacksonville | SO | 346 | |
| Art Edinger | Jacksonville | Hits | 212 | Ramon Roger | Galveston | ERA | 2.51 | |
| Charles Harper | Port Arthur | RBI | 126 | Conklyn Meriwether | Lake Charles | HR | 24 | |
| Charles Harper | Port Arthur | HR | 24 |
1951 B Gulf Coast League
President: Howard Green
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Attend | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Corpus Christi Aces | 98 | 56 | .636 | 0 | 89,632 | Red Davis |
| Harlingen Capitals | 86 | 68 | .559 | 12 | 65,762 | Sam Harshaney / Earl Caldwell / Carpenter |
| Brownsville Charros | 79 | 74 | .516 | 18.5 | 46,360 | Jesse Landrum |
| Laredo Apaches | 75 | 79 | .487 | 23 | 48,049 | Julian Morgan / Marty Errante / SoRelle |
| Galveston White Caps | 71 | 83 | .461 | 27 | 63,037 | Harry Gumbert |
| Texas City Texans | 70 | 84 | .455 | 28 | 46,617 | Rollie Hemsley / William Rogers |
| Port Arthur Sea Hawks | 69 | 84 | .451 | 28.5 | 79,601 | Charles Baron / Carl Carter |
| Lake Charles Lakers | 66 | 86 | .434 | 31 | 67,468 | Harry Chozen |
Finals: Brownsville 4 games, Corpus Christi 3.
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stan Goletz | Brownsville | BA | .378 | Bud Chipman | Port Arthur | W | 22 | |
| Stan Goletz | Brownsville | Runs | 137 | Ramon Salgado | Texas City | SO | 270 | |
| Stan Goletz | Brownsville | Hits | 207 | Earl Caldwell | Harlingen | ERA | 2.21 | |
| Robert Moyer | Corpus Christi | RBI | 164 | Robert Moyer | Corpus Christi | HR | 37 | |
| Stan Goletz | Brownsville | HR | 37 |
1952 B Gulf Coast League
President: Howard Green
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Attend | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Port Arthur Sea Hawks | 89 | 65 | .578 | 0 | 86,240 | Carl Carter |
| Corpus Christi Aces | 80 | 73 | .523 | 8.5 | 73,687 | Tom Pullig |
| Harlingen Capitals | 80 | 73 | .523 | 8.5 | 79,985 | Bob Hamric |
| Galveston White Caps | 80 | 74 | .519 | 9 | 61,824 | Stan Goletz / Harry Gumbert |
| Laredo Apaches | 76 | 77 | .497 | 12.5 | 48,254 | Joe King |
| Brownsville Charros | 76 | 77 | .497 | 12.5 | 69,991 | Dick Midkiff / Richard Gosselin |
| Lake Charles Lakers | 69 | 85 | .448 | 20 | 82,270 | Sid Gautreaux / Joe Kracher |
| Texas City Texans | 64 | 90 | .416 | 25 | 44,001 | Bones Sanders / Derrast Williams / Skinner |
Finals: Harlingen 4 games, Port Arthur 1.
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bill Radulovich | Port Arthur | BA | .389 | Ray Contreras | Galveston | W | 22 | |
| Walter Sessi | Brownsville | Runs | 148 | Bill Guthrie | Harlingen | SO | 166 | |
| Bill Radulovich | Port Arthur | Hits | 212 | Earl Caldwell | Harlingen | ERA | 2.73 | |
| Walter Sessi | Brownsville | RBI | 179 | Walter Sessi | Brownsville | HR | 45 |
1953 B Gulf Coast League
President: Guy Airey
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Attend | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Galveston White Caps | 94 | 48 | .562 | 0 | 52,763 | Barney White |
| Texas City Texans | 87 | 57 | .604 | 8 | 36,354 | Bones Sanders |
| Harlingen Capitals | 77 | 69 | .527 | 19 | 53,649 | Bob Hamric |
| Laredo Apaches | 71 | 76 | .483 | 25.5 | 42,347 | Speedy Montalvo / Bobby Herrera |
| Brownsville Charros | 69 | 78 | .469 | 27.5 | 44,266 | Hayden Greer / Walter Sessi / Harshaney |
| Port Arthur Sea Hawks | 67 | 80 | .456 | 29.5 | 48,805 | Carl Carter |
| Corpus Christi Aces | 61 | 83 | .424 | 34 | 53,489 | Jack Trench / George Fisher |
| Lake Charles Lakers | 54 | 89 | .378 | 40.5 | 52,669 | Buddy Hancken |
Finals: Texas City 4 games, Galveston 2.
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Juan Senties | Laredo | BA | .379 | Bill J. Bagwell | Texas City | W | 26 | |
| Ron Gifford | Corpus Christi | Runs | 135 | Tillman Conovan | Galveston | SO | 212 | |
| Juan Senties | Laredo | Hits | 211 | James Price | Harlingen | ERA | 1.93 | |
| Henry Robinson | Galveston | RBI | 130 | Henry Robinson | Galveston | HR | 29 |
[edit] League Records 1950-1953
| Batting | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Yr | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Yr | |
| Herb Nauert | Harlingen | G | 154 | 51 | Bill Radulovich | Port Arthur | BA | .389 | 52 | |
| John Faucett | Galveston | AB | 651 | 52 | Bill Radulovich | Port Arthur | Runs | 148 | 52 | |
| Arthur Edinger | Jacksonville | H | 212 | 50 | Bill Radulovich | Port Arthur | H | 212 | 52 | |
| Walter Sessi | Brownsville | RBI | 179 | 52 | Bill Radulovich | Port Arthur | 2B | 54 | 52 | |
| Warren Schroeder | Port Arthur | 3B | 19 | 53 | Walter Sessi | Brownsville | HR | 45 | 52 | |
| Walter Sessi | Brownsville | TB | 380 | 52 | Jack Terrill | Lufkin/Leesv | SAC | 18 | 50 | |
| Eugene Depperschmidt | Port Arthur | SB | 50 | 53 | Walter Sessi | Brownsville | BB | 128 | 52 | |
| Claudio Barcello | Port Arthur | SO | 119 | 52 | ||||||
| Pitching | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Yr | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Yr | |
| Leslie Kash | Port Arthur | GA | 54 | 53 | Vallie Eaves | Lufkin/Leesvi | CG | 31 | 50 | |
| G.T. Walters | Crowley | W | 30 | 50 | Dempsey Sterling | Port Arthur | L | 19 | 50 | |
| James Price | Harlingen | Pct | .857, 24-4 | 53 | James Price | Harlingen | ERA | 1.93 | 53 | |
| Bob Upton | Jacksonville | IP | 326 | 50 | James Hagan | Jacksonville | ShO | 6 | 50 | |
| James Price | Harlingen | ShO | 6 | 53 | Bob Upton | Jacksonville | SO | 346 | 50 | |
| G.T. Walters | Crowley | BB | 183 | 50 | ||||||
[edit] Teams, Managers and Statistics 1966-2007
[edit] Rookie 1966-2007
- GCL Astros : 1977-1979, 1982-1998
- GCL Astros Blue : 1980-1981
- GCL Astros Orange : 1980-1981
- GCL Athletics : 1967-1968
- GCL Blue Jays : 1981-1985, 1991-1995, 2007
- GCL Braves : 1966-1967, 1976-present
- GCL Cardinals : 1966-1976, 2007
- GCL Red Birds : 1972-1973 (2nd Cardinals team in 1972-1973)
- GCL Cubs : 1972-1982, 1993-1996
- GCL Devil Rays : 1996-1998
- GCL Dodgers : 1983-1992, 2001-present
- GCL Expos : 1969-1970, 1974, 1977, 1986-2004
- GCL Indians : 1967-1975, 1988-1990, 2006-07
- GCL Marlins : 1992-present
- GCL Mets : 1983, 1988-1999, 2004-present
- GCL Nationals : 2005-present
- GCL Orioles : 1991-2003, 2007
- GCL Padres : 1981-1982
- GCL Phillies : 1984, 1999-present
- GCL Pirates : 1968-present
- GCL Tourists : 1970 (2nd Pirates team in 1970)
- GCL Rangers : 1973-2002
- GCL Red Sox : 1989-present
- GCL Reds : 1968-1973, 1984-1990, 1999-present
- GCL Royals : 1971-1978, 1982-1983, 1985-2002
- GCL Royals Academy : 1974 (2nd Royals team in 1974)
- GCL Royals Gold : 1979-1981
- GCL Royals Blue : 1979-1981
- GCL Tigers : 1968, 1995-present
- GCL Twins : 1966-1971, 1989-present
- GCL White Sox : 1966-1977, 1980-1997
- GCL Yankees : 1966, 1980-1982, 1984-present
1966 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: George MacDonald, Sr.
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Yankees | 32 | 16 | .667 | 0 | Dick Berardino |
| GCL Braves | 27 | 21 | .563 | 5 | Tom Saffell |
| GCL Twins | 24 | 24 | .500 | 8 | Fred Waters |
| GCL Cardinals | 20 | 28 | .417 | 12 | George Kissell |
| GCL White Sox | 17 | 31 | .354 | 15 | Frank Parenti |
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tony Solaita | Yankees | BA | .324 | Tom Hall | Twins | W | 6 | |
| Joe Pactwa | Yankees | Runs | 37 | Wenty Ford | Braves | W | 6 | |
| Wayne Dees | Cardinals | Hits | 48 | Tom Hall | Twins | SO | 100 | |
| Tony Solaita | Yankees | RBI | 40 | Eugene Damron | Braves | RBI | 1.88 | |
| Fred Winston | Yankees | HR | 5 |
1967 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: George MacDonald, Sr.
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Athletics | 35 | 22 | .614 | 0 | Connie Ryan |
| GCL Indians | 30 | 29 | .508 | 6 | Gordon Seyfried |
| GCL Twins | 29 | 29 | .500 | 6.5 | Fred Waters |
| GCL White Sox | 27 | 29 | .482 | 7.5 | Bruce Andrew |
| GCL Braves | 27 | 32 | .458 | 9 | Tom Saffell |
| GCL Cardinals | 25 | 32 | .439 | 10 | George Kissell |
Total Attendance: 10,103
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phil Trombino | Cardinals | BA | .331 | Dave Goltz | Twins | W | 6 | |
| Edward Southard | Indians | Runs | 41 | Ron Butterfield | Indians | W | 6 | |
| Edward Southard | Indians | Hits | 61 | Ron Butterfield | Indians | SO | 64 | |
| Joe Fanning | Braves | RBI | 29 | Dave Goltz | Twins | ERA | 2.00 | |
| Bob Storm | Twins | HR | 7 |
1968 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: George MacDonald, Sr.
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Athletics | 39 | 21 | .650 | 0 | Billy Herman |
| GCL Cardinals | 34 | 27 | .557 | 5.5 | George Kissell / Ray Hathaway |
| GCL Indians | 33 | 27 | .550 | 6 | Ken Aspromonte |
| GCL Twins | 32 | 27 | .542 | 6.5 | Fred Waters |
| GCL Reds | 28 | 33 | .459 | 11.5 | Bill Lajoie |
| GCL Pirates | 27 | 33 | .450 | 12 | Buddy Pritchard |
| GCL Tigers | 27 | 36 | .429 | 13.5 | Wayne Blackburn |
| GCL White Sox | 21 | 37 | .362 | 17 | Tom Saffell |
Total Attendance: 12,579
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Joe Bowen | White Sox | BA | .338 | William Ingram | Athletics | W | 8 | |
| Rennie Stennett | Twins | Runs | 46 | Ron Oglesby | Twins | W | 8 | |
| Rennie Stennett | Twins | Hits | 74 | Dave Sells | Pirates | W | 8 | |
| Rennie Stennett | Twins | RBI | 40 | John Hefferon | Athletics | SO | 80 | |
| Michael Holbrook | Twins | HR | 8 | John Howell | Indians | SO | 80 | |
| John Hefferon | Athletics | ERA | 1.67 |
1969 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: George MacDonald, Sr.
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Expos | 31 | 22 | .585 | 0 | Jay Porter |
| GCL Indians | 30 | 23 | .566 | 1 | Joe Lutz |
| GCL Reds | 30 | 24 | .556 | 1.5 | George Scherger |
| GCL Pirates | 28 | 26 | .519 | 3.5 | Buddy Pritchard |
| GCL White Sox | 26 | 27 | .491 | 5 | Bruce Andrew |
| GCL Twins | 21 | 32 | .396 | 10 | Fred Waters |
| GCL Cardinals | 21 | 33 | .389 | 10.5 | Tom Burgess |
Total Attendance: 8,817
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ray Johnson | Indians | BA | .304 | Clarence Cooper | Reds | W | 8 | |
| Tim Mappin | Twins | Runs | 32 | Balor Moore | Expos | W | 91 | |
| Ray Johnson | Indians | Hits | 55 | Balor Moore | Expos | ERA | 0.27 | |
| Doug Heykens | Reds | RBI | 30 | Russ Bodkin | Cardinals | HR | 4 | |
| Ronald McDonald | Twins | HR | 4 | Mike Poepping | Twins | HR | 4 |
1970 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: George MacDonald, Sr.
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL White Sox | 36 | 24 | .600 | 0 | Joe Jones |
| GCL Expos | 36 | 27 | .571 | 1.5 | Ed Sadowski |
| GCL Indians | 34 | 26 | .567 | 2 | Joe Lutz |
| GCL Twins | 34 | 29 | .549 | 3.5 | Fred Waters |
| GCL Cardinals | 32 | 28 | .533 | 4 | Tom Burgess |
| GCL Reds | 25 | 35 | .417 | 11 | Ron Plaza |
| GCL Tourists | 26 | 37 | .413 | 11.5 | Ed Napoleon |
| GCL Pirates | 23 | 40 | .365 | 14.5 | Dick Cole |
Total Attendance: 8,772
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mark Carlson | Twins | BA | .359 | Harold McClain | White Sox | W | 10 | |
| Burnel Flowers | Indians | Runs | 55 | Harold McClain | White Sox | SO | 108 | |
| Mark Carlson | Twins | Hits | 78 | Harold McClain | White Sox | ERA | 1.27 | |
| Jeff Newman | Indians | RBI | 53 | Bob Gorinski | Twins | HR | 6 | |
| Dave Parker | Pirates | HR | 6 | Jeff Newman | Indians | HR | 6 |
1971 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: George MacDonald, Sr.
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Royals | 40 | 13 | .735 | 0 | Buzz Keller |
| GCL White Sox | 30 | 22 | .577 | 9.5 | Joe Jones |
| GCL Indians | 28 | 24 | .538 | 11.5 | Len Johnston |
| GCL Reds | 23 | 29 | .442 | 16.5 | Ron Plaza |
| GCL Twins | 22 | 30 | .423 | 17.5 | Fred Waters |
| GCL Pirates | 20 | 32 | .385 | 19.5 | Ed Napoleon |
| GCL Cardinals | 20 | 33 | .377 | 20 | Tom Burgess |
Total Attendance: 10,818
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jim Norris | Indians | BA | .382 | Bob Gipson | Royals | W | 7 | |
| Jim Norris | Indians | Runs | 34 | Hector Artiles | Reds | SO | 64 | |
| Jim Norris | Indians | Hits | 63 | Paul Sands | White Sox | ERA | 1.89 | |
| Dave Revering | Reds | RBI | 33 | Dave Revering | Reds | HR | 8 |
1972 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: George MacDonald, Sr. / George MacDonald Jr.
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Cubs | 41 | 22 | .651 | 0 | Walt Dixon |
| GCL Royals | 41 | 22 | .651 | 0 | Buzzy Keller |
| GCL Indians | 34 | 26 | .567 | 5.5 | Pinky May |
| GCL White Sox | 34 | 27 | .557 | 6 | Joe Jones |
| GCL Cardinals | 27 | 32 | .458 | 12 | Bobby Dews |
| GCL Red Birds | 23 | 35 | .397 | 15.5 | Julio Gotay |
| GCL Pirates | 21 | 39 | .350 | 18.5 | Ed Napoleon |
| GCL Reds | 21 | 39 | .350 | 18.5 | Ron Plaza |
Total Attendance: 8,306
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cleo Kilpatrick | White Sox | BA | .329 | Donald Oxindine | Royals | W | 8 | |
| Cleo Kilpatrick | White Sox | Runs | 46 | Larry Hubbard | Royals | SO | 90 | |
| Cleo Kilpatrick | White Sox | Hits | 77 | Glenn Bryant | White Sox | SO | 90 | |
| Cleo Kilpatrick | White Sox | RBI | 38 | Larry Hubbard | Royals | ERA | 1.24 | |
| Cleo Kilpatrick | White Sox | HR | 5 |
1973 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: George MacDonald, Jr.
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Rangers | 41 | 15 | .732 | 0 | Bill Haywood |
| GCL Indians | 32 | 24 | .571 | 9 | Len Johnston |
| GCL White Sox | 29 | 26 | .527 | 11.5 | Joe Jones |
| GCL Red Birds | 29 | 27 | .518 | 12 | Lee Thomas |
| GCL Royals | 27 | 28 | .491 | 13.5 | Buzzy Keller |
| GCL Cubs | 27 | 28 | .491 | 13.5 | Q.V. Lowe |
| GCL Cardinals | 25 | 30 | .455 | 15.5 | Ken Boyer |
| GCL Reds | 20 | 32 | .385 | 19 | Ron Plaza |
| GCL Pirates | 17 | 37 | .315 | 23 | Ed Napoleon |
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Larry Foster | White Sox | BA | .382 | Len Barker | Rangers | W | 7 | |
| Gary Cooper | Rangers | Runs | 50 | Jim McCutchin | Indians | W | 7 | |
| Curt Minges | White Sox | Hits | 59 | Barry Smith | White Sox | W | 7 | |
| Jonathan Astroth | Rangers | RBI | 43 | James Temple | Cubs | W | 7 | |
| Hector Eduardo | Cardinals | HR | 6 | Mike Krukow | Cubs | SO | 80 | |
| Byron Wilkerson | Cubs | ERA | 1.13 |
1974 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: George MacDonald, Jr.
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Cubs | 33 | 14 | .702 | 0 | Jack Mull |
| GCL Royals Academy | 35 | 16 | .686 | 0 | Billy Goodman |
| GCL Rangers | 32 | 20 | .615 | 3.5 | Bill Haywood |
| GCL Royals | 29 | 19 | .604 | 4.5 | Billy Scripture |
| GCL Cardinals | 27 | 21 | .563 | 6.5 | Tom Burgess / Bobby Dews |
| GCL White Sox | 23 | 26 | .469 | 11 | Joe Jones |
| GCL Expos | 21 | 33 | .389 | 15.5 | Pat Daugherty |
| GCL Indians | 16 | 36 | .308 | 19.5 | Wilfredo Calvino |
| GCL Pirates | 11 | 42 | .208 | 25 | Woody Huyke |
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Joe Gates | Academy | BA | .379 | Paul Bock | White Sox | W | 8 | |
| Joe Gates | Academy | Runs | 54 | Steve Hamrick | Cubs | SO | 87 | |
| Darrell Parker | Academy | Hits | 67 | Steve Hamrick | Cubs | ERA | 0.93 | |
| Darrell Parker | Academy | RBI | 38 | Edwin Olszta | White Sox | HR | 4 |
1975 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: George MacDonald, Jr.
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Rangers | 41 | 12 | .774 | 0 | Joe Klein |
| GCL Royals | 31 | 18 | .633 | 8 | Gary Blaylock |
| GCL Cubs | 30 | 24 | .556 | 11.5 | Jack Hiatt |
| GCL Pirates | 23 | 31 | .426 | 18.5 | Woody Huyke |
| GCL White Sox | 23 | 31 | .426 | 18.5 | Joe Jones |
| GCL Indians | 19 | 33 | .365 | 21.5 | Tony Pacheco |
| GCL Cardinals | 17 | 35 | .327 | 23.5 | Fred Koenig |
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Alessio | Cubs | BA | .331 | Bob Barr | Royals | W | 6 | |
| Ed Miller | Rangers | Runs | 47 | Dave McCarthy | Rangers | W | 6 | |
| Nelson Norman | Pirates | Hits | 53 | Randy McMurray | Rangers | W | 6 | |
| Clint Hurdle | Royals | RBI | 31 | Mark Soroko | Rangers | W | 6 | |
| Luis Silverio | Royals | HR | 5 | Don Robinson | Pirates | SO | 70 | |
| Harold Kelly | Rangers | ERA | 0.88 |
1976 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: George MacDonald, Jr.
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Rangers | 38 | 16 | .704 | 0 | Joe Klein |
| GCL Cubs | 36 | 17 | .679 | 1.5 | Walt Dixon |
| GCL Royals | 29 | 25 | .537 | 9 | Jose Martinez |
| GCL Cardinals | 27 | 24 | .529 | 9.5 | Dave Ricketts |
| GCL White Sox | 23 | 30 | .434 | 14.5 | Joe Jones |
| GCL Braves | 21 | 32 | .396 | 16.5 | Chuck Goggin / Pedro Gonzalez |
| GCL Pirates | 11 | 41 | .212 | 26 | Woody Huyke |
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Billy Sample | Rangers | BA | .382 | Danny England | Cubs | W | 10 | |
| Greg Jemison | Rangers | Runs | 40 | Fred Howard | White Sox | SO | 76 | |
| John Hoscheidt | Royals | Hits | 59 | Steve Comer | Rangers | ERA | 0.90 | |
| Dave Rivera | Rangers | RBI | 40 | Dave Rivera | Rangers | HR | 4 | |
| Darrell Vosejpka | Royals | HR | 4 |
1977 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: George MacDonald, Jr.
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL White Sox | 38 | 14 | .731 | 0 | Joe Jones |
| GCL Royals | 34 | 19 | .642 | 4.5 | Billy Scripture |
| GCL Cubs | 30 | 24 | .556 | 9 | Ron Matney |
| GCL Rangers | 27 | 27 | .500 | 12 | Joe Klein |
| GCL Braves | 22 | 31 | .415 | 16.5 | Pedro Gonzalez |
| GCL Astros | 22 | 32 | .407 | 17 | Julio Linares |
| GCL Pirates | 22 | 32 | .407 | 17 | Woody Huyke |
| GCL Expos | 19 | 35 | .352 | 20 | Ray Bellino |
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dennis Webb | Royals | BA | .374 | Rich Barnes | White Sox | W | 8 | |
| Anthony Hill | White Sox | Runs | 49 | Rich Barnes | White Sox | SO | 61 | |
| Rusty Kuntz | White Sox | Runs | 49 | Vince Valentini | Cubs | ERA | 0.98 | |
| Dennis Webb | Royals | Runs | 49 | Dennis Webb | Royals | Hits | 73 | |
| Marv Wooten | Royals | RBI | 47 | Phil Westendorf | Royals | HR | 8 |
1978 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: George MacDonald, Jr.
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Rangers | 33 | 22 | .600 | 0 | Joe Klein |
| GCL Royals | 31 | 24 | .564 | 2 | Jose Martinez |
| GCL Cubs | 30 | 24 | .556 | 2.5 | Randy Hundley |
| GCL Braves | 25 | 30 | .455 | 8 | Pedro Gonzalez |
| GCL Astros | 23 | 31 | .426 | 9.5 | Julio Linares |
| GCL Pirates | 21 | 32 | .396 | 11 | Woody Huyke |
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tim Tolman | Astros | BA | .344 | Juan Alduey | Braves | W | 6 | |
| Ray Bresnahan | Royals | Runs | 41 | Stephen Hartery | Cubs | W | 6 | |
| Ray Bresnahan | Royals | Hits | 54 | Kevin Kirby | Cubs | W | 6 | |
| Terry Bogener | Rangers | RBI | 32 | Kevin Huston | Astros | SO | 65 | |
| Ira Turner | Royals | HR | 7 | Mike Vickers | Rangers | ERA | 1.96 |
1979 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: George MacDonald, Jr.
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Astros | 33 | 19 | .635 | 0 | Julio Linares |
| GCL Rangers | 33 | 21 | .611 | 1 | Andy Hancock |
| GCL Royals Gold | 29 | 23 | .558 | 4 | Jose Martinez |
| GCL Braves | 26 | 28 | .481 | 8 | Pedro Gonzalez |
| GCL Royals Blue | 24 | 29 | .453 | 9.5 | Brian Murphy |
| GCL Pirates | 20 | 32 | .385 | 13 | Woody Huyke |
| GCL Cubs | 19 | 31 | .380 | 13.5 | Ken Rudolph |
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mike Brewer | Royals Gold | BA | .371 | Doug Welenc | Astros | W | 7 | |
| Robin Townley | Royals Gold | Runs | 43 | Doug Welenc | Astros | SO | 51 | |
| Mike Brewer | Royals Gold | Hits | 76 | Michael Roberts | Rangers | ERA | 0.71 | |
| Mike Brewer | Royals Gold | RBI | 47 | Greg Dikos | Braves | HR | 5 | |
| Leon Doak | Royals Gold | HR | 5 | Miguel Sosa | Braves | HR | 5 |
1980 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: Tom Saffell
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Royals Blue | 40 | 23 | .635 | 0 | Joe Jones |
| GCL Astros Blue | 38 | 24 | .613 | 1.5 | Eric Swanson |
| GCL Braves | 37 | 25 | .597 | 2.5 | Pedro Gonzalez |
| GCL Rangers | 35 | 28 | .556 | 5 | Andy Hancock |
| GCL Astros Orange | 34 | 28 | .548 | 5.5 | Fernando Tatis |
| GCL Cubs | 33 | 29 | .532 | 6.5 | Rich Morales |
| GCL Yankees | 27 | 35 | .435 | 12.5 | Carlos Tosca |
| GCL Pirates | 24 | 39 | .381 | 16 | Woody Huyke |
| GCL Royals Gold | 22 | 40 | .355 | 17.5 | Roy Tanner |
| GCL White Sox | 22 | 41 | .349 | 18 | Duane Shaffer |
Total Attendance: 10,680
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marc Thomas | Astros Blue | BA | .338 | Junior Cooper | Royals Blue | W | 8 | |
| Bill Weems | Astros Blue | Runs | 52 | Bert Johnson | Royals Blue | W | 8 | |
| Butch Davis | Royals Blue | Hits | 74 | Mike Mason | Rangers | SO | 55 | |
| Tom Johnson | Cubs | RBI | 42 | Scott Eichholz | Cubs | ERA | 1.15 | |
| Bert Gjesdal | Yankees | HR | 7 |
1981 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: Tom Saffell
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Royals Gold | 44 | 20 | .688 | 0 | Roy Tanner |
| GCL White Sox | 41 | 23 | .641 | 3 | John Boles |
| GCL Royals Blue | 35 | 28 | .556 | 8.5 | Joe Jones |
| GCL Astros Orange | 33 | 28 | .541 | 9.5 | Lyle Olsen |
| GCL Pirates | 32 | 28 | .533 | 10 | Woody Huyke |
| GCL Rangers | 32 | 30 | .516 | 11 | Andy Hancock |
| GCL Yankees | 30 | 29 | .508 | 12.5 | Carlos Tosca |
| GCL Braves | 28 | 34 | .452 | 15 | Pedro Gonzalez |
| GCL Blue Jays | 26 | 39 | .400 | 18.5 | Rich Hacker |
| GCL Cubs | 25 | 38 | .397 | 18.5 | Hugh Yancy |
| GCL Padres | 25 | 38 | .397 | 18.5 | James Zarilla |
| GCL Astros Blue | 22 | 38 | .367 | 20 | Eric Swanson |
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wendell Henderson | Cubs | BA | .356 | Mark Gubicza | Royals Gold | W | 8 | |
| Bill Pecota | Royals Blue | Runs | 61 | Jack Hardy | White Sox | W | 8 | |
| Wendell Henderson | Cubs | Hits | 72 | Jack Hardy | White Sox | SO | 78 | |
| Tom Thompson | Royals Gold/Blue | RBI | 44 | Ed Reilly | Astros Orange | ERA | 1.30 | |
| Tom Thompson | Royals Gold/Blue | HR | 10 |
1982 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: Tom Saffell
| Team Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Yankees | 42 | 21 | .667 | 0 | Carlos Tosca |
| GCL White Sox | 40 | 23 | .635 | 2 | John Boles |
| GCL Rangers | 36 | 27 | .571 | 6 | Tom Grieve |
| GCL Braves | 32 | 31 | .508 | 10 | Pedro Gonzalez |
| GCL Blue Jays | 30 | 33 | .476 | 12 | Hector Torres |
| GCL Cubs | 30 | 33 | .476 | 12 | Jim Fairey |
| GCL Padres | 29 | 34 | .460 | 13 | Manny Crespo |
| GCL Royals | 28 | 35 | .444 | 14 | Joe Jones |
| GCL Pirates | 27 | 35 | .435 | 14.5 | Woody Huyke |
| GCL Astros | 20 | 42 | .323 | 21.5 | Jose Tartabull |
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| David McLaughlin | White Sox | BA | .350 | Rich DeVincenzo | White Sox | W | 9 | |
| David McLaughlin | White Sox | Runs | 48 | Daryl Humphrey | Yankees | W | 9 | |
| David McLaughlin | White Sox | Hits | 83 | Rich DeVincenzo | White Sox | SO | 94 | |
| Fred McGriff | Yankees | RBI | 41 | Dave Hopkins | Rangers | ERA | 1.67 | |
| Fred McGriff | Yankees | HR | 9 | Darnel Nelson | Yankees | RBI | 41 |
1983 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: Tom Saffell
| North Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Dodgers | 37 | 23 | .617 | 0 | Gary LaRocque |
| GCL Braves | 32 | 28 | .533 | 5 | Pedro Gonzalez |
| GCL Pirates | 28 | 32 | .467 | 9 | Woody Huyke |
| GCL Blue Jays | 15 | 46 | .246 | 22.5 | Epy Guerrero |
| South Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Rangers | 40 | 22 | .645 | 0 | Andy Hancock |
| GCL White Sox | 38 | 24 | .613 | 2 | Steve Dillard |
| GCL Royals | 30 | 31 | .492 | 9.5 | Joe Jones |
| GCL Astros | 29 | 32 | .475 | 10.5 | Jose Tartabull |
| GCL Mets | 24 | 35 | .407 | 14.5 | Vern Hoscheit |
Playoff: Dodgers 1 game, Rangers, 0.
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peter Mueller | Astros | BA | .376 | Kevin Kristan | White Sox | W | 9 | |
| Michael Taylor | White Sox | Runs | 55 | Dennis Powell | Dodgers | SO | 103 | |
| Peter Mueller | Astros | Hits | 79 | Ricky Hester | Rangers | ERA | 1.17 | |
| Warren Bachmann | Braves | RBI | 47 | Michael Taylor | White Sox | HR | 8 | |
| Dimas Gutierrez | Pirates | HR | 8 |
1984 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: Tom Saffell
| North Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Rangers | 36 | 27 | .571 | 0 | Mike Bucci |
| GCL Dodgers | 34 | 29 | .540 | 2 | Jose Alvarez |
| GCL Braves | 31 | 32 | .492 | 5 | Pedro Gonzalez |
| GCL Blue Jays | 29 | 34 | .460 | 7 | Ray Webster |
| GCL Pirates | 21 | 42 | .333 | 15 | Woody Huyke |
| South Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL White Sox | 41 | 22 | .651 | 0 | Steve Dillard |
| GCL Astros | 36 | 27 | .571 | 5 | Jose Tartabull |
| GCL Reds | 32 | 31 | .508 | 9 | Sam Mejias |
| GCL Yankees | 28 | 35 | .444 | 13 | Jack Gillis |
| GCL Phillies | 27 | 36 | .429 | 14 | Roly de Armas |
Playoff: Rangers 1 game, White Sox 0.
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drew Denson | Braves | BA | .322 | Jim Filippi | White Sox | W | 10 | |
| Jerry Bertolani | White Sox | Runs | 49 | Mark Cieslak | Reds | SO | 76 | |
| Drew Denson | Braves | Hits | 77 | Jim Filippi | White Sox | ERA | 0.61 | |
| Drew Denson | Braves | RBI | 45 | Michael Smiciklas | Braves | HR | 10 | |
| Drew Denson | Braves | HR | 10 |
1985 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: Tom Saffell
| North Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Rangers | 33 | 29 | .532 | 0 | Rudy Jaramillo |
| GCL Dodgers | 28 | 33 | .459 | 4.5 | Jose Alvarez |
| GCL Braves | 26 | 35 | .426 | 6.5 | Pedro Gonzalez |
| GCL Blue Jays | 23 | 39 | .371 | 10 | Rocket Wheeler |
| GCL Pirates | 15 | 47 | .242 | 18 | Woody Huyke |
| South Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Yankees | 43 | 18 | .705 | 0 | Carlos Tosca |
| GCL White Sox | 40 | 22 | .645 | 3.5 | J.C. Martin |
| GCL Royals | 38 | 24 | .613 | 5.5 | Joe Jones |
| GCL Reds | 38 | 24 | .613 | 5.5 | Sam Mejias |
| GCL Astros | 24 | 37 | .393 | 19 | Julio Linares |
Playoff: Yankees and Rangers were rained out. Yankees were declared
champions on the basis of overall winning percentage.
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rob Lambert | Yankees | BA | .350 | Wayne Edwards | White Sox | W | 7 | |
| Rob Lambert | Yankees | Runs | 51 | Donn Pall | White Sox | W | 7 | |
| Rob Lambert | Yankees | Hits | 79 | Dick Sisler,Jr. | Yankees | W | 7 | |
| Ted Higgins | Yankees | RBI | 36 | Ricky Rojas | Royals | SO | 78 | |
| Chris Alvarez | White Sox | HR | 5 | Alvin West | Rangers | ERA | 1.33 |
1986 Rookie Gulf Coast League
President: Tom Saffell
| North Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Dodgers | 33 | 28 | .541 | 0 | Jose Alvarez |
| GCL Expos | 33 | 29 | .532 | .5 | Mike Easom |
| GCL Rangers | 31 | 31 | .500 | 2.5 | Rudy Jaramillo |
| GCL Braves | 29 | 34 | .460 | 5 | Pedro Gonzalez |
| GCL Pirates | 24 | 39 | .381 | 10 | Woody Huyke |
| South Standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCL Reds | 34 | 28 | .548 | 0 | Sam Mejias |
| GCL Astros | 34 | 29 | .540 | .5 | Julio Linares |
| GCL Yankees | 33 | 29 | .532 | 1 | Tony Ferreira |
| GCL White Sox | 31 | 32 | .492 | 3.5 | Steve Dillard |
| GCL Royals | 30 | 33 | .476 | 4.5 | Luis Silverio |
